The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram is a scatter graph of stars showing the relationship between the stars’ absolute magnitudes or luminosities versus their spectral types or classifications and effective temperatures. Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams are not pictures or maps of the locations of the stars. Rather, they plot each star on a graph measuring the star’s absolute magnitude or brightness against its temperature and color.
Source: Investigating Stars, Investigating Astronomy, TERC

